Comparative Toxicity and Long-Term Biocompatibility of Crosslinkers in Herbal Nanosponges

Vaishnavi Gite; Vaishnavi Lokhande | Dipti Sonawane | Sakshi Sontakke; Jeevan Kunde

Title:
Comparative Toxicity and Long-Term Biocompatibility of Crosslinkers in Herbal Nanosponges

Authors:
Jeevan Kunde | Vaishnavi Gite | Vaishnavi Lokhande | Dipti Sonawane | Sakshi Sontakke

Cite This Article :

Jeevan Kunde | Vaishnavi Gite | Vaishnavi Lokhande | Dipti Sonawane | Sakshi Sontakke "Comparative Toxicity and Long-Term Biocompatibility of Crosslinkers in Herbal Nanosponges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-6, December 2025, pp.668-670, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd99949.pdf

Download

Abstract :
Herbal nanosponges are nanoscale porous carriers that enhance the solubility and therapeutic efficiency of plant-derived bioactives. Among several formulation variables, the choice of crosslinker plays a decisive role in determining biodegradation, immune response, and overall safety. Although most studies focus on drug loading and release kinetics, relatively few have addressed their long-term or immunological safety.This review summarizes and compares the toxicity profiles of widely used crosslinkers-diphenyl carbonate (DPC), carbonyldiimidazole (CDI), citric acid, and glutaraldehyde-drawing attention to data gaps and safety concerns. Finally, a structured toxicity-testing framework is proposed to promote safer, biocompatible, and sustainable crosslinker choices for herbal nanosponge systems.

Keywords :
Nanosponges, Crosslinker toxicity, Biocompatibility, Herbal drug delivery, Immunogenicity, Chronic exposure.

Publication Details:

Unique Identification Number : IJTSRD99949

Published In : Volume-9 | Issue-6, December 2025

Page Number(s) : 668-670

Publisher Name : IJTSRD | www.ijtsrd.com | E-ISSN 2456-6470

Copyright © 2019 by author(s) and International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Journal. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)

About IJTSRD
Indexing

International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development - IJTSRD having online ISSN 2456-6470. IJTSRD is a leading Open Access, Peer-Reviewed International Journal which provides rapid publication of your research articles and aims to promote the theory and practice along with knowledge sharing between researchers, developers, engineers, students, and practitioners working in and around the world in many areas like Sciences, Technology, Innovation, Engineering, Agriculture, Management and many more and it is recommended by all Universities, review articles and short communications in all subjects. IJTSRD running an International Journal who are proving quality publication of peer reviewed and refereed international journals from diverse fields that emphasizes new research, development and their applications. IJTSRD provides an online access to exchange your research work, technical notes & surveying results among professionals throughout the world in e-journals. IJTSRD is a fastest growing and dynamic professional organization. The aim of this organization is to provide access not only to world class research resources, but through its professionals aim to bring in a significant transformation in the real of open access journals and online publishing.